You want to dim/block them as much as possible, on all four sides and overhead.Ī halving thickness is the amount of material that will block half of the gamma rays passing through it.
Little light bulbs will land on trees and the roof. As light and radio waves reflect off the atmosphere, in the same way the gamma rays scatter off the air. If your basement walls stick up a couple feet above the ground level, there will be lots of little light bulbs all along the edge of the basement shining at you. If you picture the fallout landing on trees and the ground being like tiny little light bulbs, you realize that even in a basement there will be dim, indirect light. Gamma rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, like radio waves and X-rays and light. You need to take almost immediate shelter for the gamma radiation from fallout.
And every fallout particle is sending out gamma rays. Near the blast it can fall out like gravel, then farther away like rice grains, then like sand, and then like fine powder. At the end of this essay I will list a few sources showing target maps, fallout maps, blast areas, etc.įallout is the mixture of the dirt and materials at the site of the blast, all mixed up with radioactive material. If you are close to targets, you may need better shelter than this improvised model. This essay assumes that you will be out of that target area, with your home and roof intact. When building a homemade fallout shelter in a basement, or on a cement slab inside the first floor, it is important to understand halving thickness and protection factors.įirst of all, after a nuclear detonation, there will be light, heat, and a blast wave.
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